Referat Na Temu Klimat Velikobritanii Na Anglijskom Yazike
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The Strait of Dover is 32 kilometres wide and is the narrowest part of the English Channel. It separates Great Britain from the continent of Europe.
The Channel Tunnel ('Chunnel'), a great tunnel which is constructed under the English Channel, now links the UK with France. Thanks to this tunnel it is possible to travel by train from Paris to London which is extremely convenient. All the seas around Britain are shallow and are good for fishing. Great Britain has many rivers but they are not very long.
The main rivers and estuaries are the Thames, the Severn, the Clyde, the Tweed and the Humber estuary. The Thames is the most popular and the most important river.
It is suitable for navigation. Large ships can get up to London Bridge which is 50 miles away from the sea.
The river Thames is also famous for many notable cities which are situated on its banks. Among them are London and Oxford. There is one annual event connected with the river Thames — it is called Swan Upping.
Climate and Weather in Great Britain Weather is not the same as climate. The weather at a place is the state of the atmosphere there at a given time or over a short period.
The weather of the British Isles is greatly variable. The climate of a place or region, on the other hand, represents the average weather conditions over a long period of time.
The climate of any place results from the interaction of a number of determining factors, of which the most important are latitude, distance from the sea, relief and the direction of the prevailing winds. The geographical position of the British Isles within latitudes 50o to 60o N is a basic factor in determining the main characteristics of the climate. Temperature, the most important climatic element, depends not only on the angle at which the sun’s rays strike the earth’s surface, but also on the duration of daylight. The length of day at London ranges from 16 hours 35 minutes on June to 7 hours 50 minutes on 21 December.
British latitudes form the temperate nature of the British climate, for the sun is never directly overhead as in the tropical areas. Britain’s climate is dominated by the influence of the sea. It is much milder than that in any other country in the same latitudes. This is due partly to the presence of the North Atlantic Drift, or the Gulf Stream, and partly to the fact that north-west Europe lies in a predominantly westerly wind-belt. This means that marine influences warm the land in winter and cool in summer. This moderating effect of the sea is in fact, the cause of the relatively small seasonal contrasts experienced in Britain. The moderating effect of the ocean on air temperature is also stronger in winter than in summer.
When the surface water is cooler than the air above it – as frequently happens during the summer months – the air tends to lose its heat to the water. The lowest layers of air are chilled and become denser by contradiction, and the chilled air tends to remain at low levels. The surface water expands because it is warmed, and remains on the surface of the ocean. Unless the air is turbulent, little of it can be cooled, for little heat is exchanged.